Chapter+10+-+The+Mole

=Chapter 10 - The Mole=

10-1 Chemical Measurements

 * ===The mole===
 * A unit of measurement in chemistry defined as the number of atoms in 12.0 g of carbon-12.
 * A mole contains 6.02x10^23 of something (atoms, molecules, formula units).
 * There are 6.02x10^23 atoms of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12.
 * 6.02x10^23 is Avogadro's Number


 * ===Avogadro's Number===
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 * ===Molar Mass===
 * Molar Mass is the mass (grams) in one mole of an element or compound.
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10-2 Mole Conversions

 * ===Convert among mass, moles, and number of particles===
 * ====use the factor label method to solve using Avogadro's number and/or Molar Mass as needed.====
 * see site 1 or site 2 for more information on the factor label method
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 * ===Moles of gas - Molar Volume===
 * The volume of one mole of any gas is 22.4 liters at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure)

10-3 Empirical and Molecular Formulas

 * ===Determining Percent Composition===
 * Percent Composition - the mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire mass of the compound and multiplied by 100%


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 * ===Using percent composition to determine the formula of an unknown===
 * ===Empirical and Molecular Formulas===
 * Empirical Formula - a formula that gives the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound.
 * Molecular Formula - the formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecular compound. It is always a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula.